IIème République, 1848-1852. 5 Francs 1848 A, Paris. Epreuve en or du concours. Av. REPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE. Tête à gauche avec une couronne d’enfants. Rv. ÉGALITÉ FRATERNITÉ LIBERTÉ. Valeur et date dans une couronne de laurier et de chêne. Tranche 1ER ACCESSIT CONCOURS DE 1848. V.G. 3061 var.; Maz. 1266c; Gad 685. Or. 39.10 g. De la plus grande rareté, probablement unique.
SUP-FDC
Ex. Vente Sotheby’s, février-mars 1954, collection du roi Farouk, lot 561.
Ex. UBS vente 46, 26-28 janvier 1999, lot 777.
Ex. Maison Palombo vente 1, 1er mai 2004, lot 450.
Ex. Vente NGSA 3, 29-30 novembre 2004, lot 452.
The end of the reign of Louis-Philippe is marked by major economic and political crisis. The country was suffering from a severe famine to the point of importing Russian wheat and the government was also weakened by several affairs. The party in favor of the re-establishment of the Republic took advantage of the general instability to launch the «banquet campaign» aimed at opposing the Conservative government. With the king forbidding such meetings, the people revolted and Louis-Philippe abdicated on February 24, 1848 in favor of his grandson. Following the invasion of the Palais Bourbon by the insurgents, the Chamber of Deputies, although ready to accept Louis-Philippe II as king, changed opinions and dethroned him in the evening and proclaimed the Second Republic at the Paris Town Hall. Although brief, the Second Republic marked French history as the first regime to apply universal male suffrage and to definitively abolish slavery in the colonies. Engraved by Barre, this gold essai 5 francs pattern, is certainly one of the most beautiful essais ever created and its iconography carries many messages. On the obverse the Republic is represented by a woman’s head, radiant and crowned with a circle of children holding hands. A symbol of youth and a source of hope! On the reverse, let us note a peculiarity: the 4 of “1848” is inverted! The motto recalls the heroic times of 1789. The crown of laurel and oak presents the new regime as victorious and promises a long future. The sheaf of wheat, a symbol of opulence and prosperity, replaces the hardships of the monarchy of July; certainly, the new Republic, announces better days to the people of France.
La fin de règne de Louis-Philippe est marquée par une crise économique et politique majeure. En effet, le pays souffre d’une grave disette au point qu’on doit importer du blé de Russie. Comme le gouvernement est affaibli par plusieurs affaires, le parti favorable au rétablissement de la République profite de l’instabilité générale pour lancer la « campagne des banquets » visant à s’opposer au gouvernement conservateur. Le roi ayant fait interdire de telles réunions, le peuple se soulève. Louis-Philippe abdique le 24 février 1848 en faveur de son petit-fils. Suite à l’invasion du palais Bourbon par les insurgés, la Chambre des députés, bien que prête à accepter Louis-Philippe II comme roi, proclame dans la soirée la Deuxième République à l’Hôtel de ville de Paris. Celle-ci marque l’Histoire car elle est le premier régime à appliquer le suffrage universel masculin en France et à abolir définitivement l’esclavage dans les colonies. Gravé par Barre, cet essai en or du module de 5 francs est certainement l’une des plus belles épreuves jamais réalisées 1. De plus, son iconographie est porteuse de sens. A l’avers, la République est représentée par une tête de femme, rayonnante, couronnée d’une ronde d’enfants se tenant la main. Symbole de jeunesse et source d’espérance ! Au revers, signalons une particularité : le 4 de « 1848 » est inversé ! La devise rappelle les temps héroïques de 1789. Sa couronne de laurier et de chêne présente le nouveau régime comme victorieux et promis à un long avenir 2. La gerbe de blé, symbole d’opulence et de prospérité, efface les disettes de la monarchie de Juillet ; assurément, la nouvelle République annonce des jours meilleurs au peuple de France.
1 L’avers de cet essai a été utilisé pour la pièce de 100 Francs 1988 en argent. « On ignore pour quel motif la Fraternité a été célébrée en 1988 mais le choix de ce thème pour l’essai réalisé pour la pièce de 5 Francs au concours de 1848 par Jacques-Jean Barre est excellent[…] ». DESROUSSEAUX Stéphane, PRIEUR Michel, SCHMITT Laurent, Le Franc 10, Les Monnaies, Paris, Ed. Les Chevau-légers, 2014, p. 544.
2 Supplantée par le Second Empire dès 1852 déjà, elle sera l’un des régimes les plus brefs de l’Histoire de France.
第二共和政(1848年〜1852年)5フラン1848年A(パリミント)貨幣コンクールの見本打ち金貨
表面: 「REPUBLIQUE FRANCAISEフランス共和国」左向きの「子供型冠」タイプ。
裏面:ÉGALITÉ FRATERNITÉ LIBERTÉ.「自由-平等-博愛」樫の木の枝と月桂冠の中の製造年と額面。
エッジの刻印は「1ER ACCESSIT CONCOURS DE 1848」(1848年貨幣コンクール)
一個しか存在しないと思われます。
参考専門書V.G. 3061 var.; Maz. 1266c; Gad 685. 重さ:39.10 gr
極美品/完全未使用
Ex. Sotheby’s,オークション1954年2月/3月ファールック王コレクション出品番号561番
Ex. UBS第46オークション、1999年1月26-28日出品番号777番
Ex. Maison Palombo第一オークション1er mai 2004年5月1日出品番号450番
Ex. NGSAオークション3, 29-30 novembre 2004年11月29-30日 出品番号452番
ルイフィリップの退位直後のフランスは重大な政治と経済危機に落ち、挙げ句の果てに凶作のあまり、ロシアから小麦を輸入させるほど。そして、政治スキャンダルが多発する中、不満のはけ口となる「改革宴会 」という集会が始まる。
政府がある改革宴会に対して解散命令を出すと、これに憤慨した労働者・農民・学生によるデモ、ストライキが起こった。事態の沈静化を図ったが、1848年2月24日には武装蜂起へと発展し、ついに国王Louis-Philippeが退位。
同日パリ市庁舎では共和主義者と社会主義者によって組織された臨時政府によって共和政が宣言され、第二共和政が成立した。フランス植民地での奴隷制が完全廃止され歴史的な時期となる。
本品は刻印師Barre氏に作られた5フラン(モジュール)金貨試作貨Essaiで、コイン界で自他共に認める最も美しい作品である。
意味深長な作品!表面の「共和政」が光り輝く女性肖像に現れ、手を繋ぐ子供達の冠で描かれている。
希望と若さに溢れる強いシンボル!
裏面には « 1848年 » の4が逆になっている。
1789年の偉大な勝利のシンボルが使われている、樫の木の枝と月桂冠が新体制を現す。小麦の束が繁栄と豊穣のシンボル(凶作直後のシンボルとして強い)、新共和政が市民にもたらしてくれる繁栄などを意味する。
表面が近代の1988年の100フラン銀貨に使われた、{Jacques Jean Barreの作成したこのデザインが使われたことにたいして最高の名案}
DESROUSSEAUX Stéphane, PRIEUR Michel, SCHMITT Laurent, Le Franc 10, Les Monnaies, Paris, Ed. Les Chevau-légers, 2014年ページ544
1852年の第2帝政の始まりによって第2共和政の期間がフランス史上、最も短かった体制の一つです。
Auction: Numismatic Auction 8
Pre-bidding - End
04 07 2017 17:00 CEST
Room auction - Start
05 07 2017 15:00 CEST
Avenue du Mail, 15, Genève, 1205, Switzerland
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