Lotto 71 - Asta numismatica 8

Eugenius, 392-394. Solidus, 392-394, Lugdunum. Obv. D N EVGENI-VS P F AVG. Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right. Rev. VICTOR-IA ... Leggi tutto
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Eugenius, 392-394. Solidus, 392-394, Lugdunum. Obv. D N EVGENI-VS P F AVG. Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right. Rev. VICTOR-IA AVGG. In field: L - D. In exergue, COM. Two emperors, nimbate, seated facing on throne; the emperor on right holding mappa and the two together holding globe. Above, Victory facing with spread wings; below, palm-branch. RIC 45; Cohen 6; Bastien 229j (this coin); Depeyrot 18/1. Gold. 4.40 g. Very rare.
NGC Ch AU* Strike 5/5 Surface 3/5 crimped

Ex. Bourgey auction, 16 december 1913, lot 745 (collection Vidal-Quadras); Schulman auction 139, 5 march 1923, lot 2878 (collection Vierordt); Florange and Ciani auction, 22 february 1932, lot 370 (Collection de Manteyer).

Eugenius was a native of Vienna, in Dauphiny, France. A high ranking official, he belonged to the Gallo-Roman aristocracy but was rapidly noticed by the Franks, Richomer and Arbogast, for his abilities in rhetoric. These two important war lords and key men of power in this declining Rome, quickly helped him to enter, then quickly raised him to the summit of the Imperial court installed in Vienna and Rome. Following the suicide of Valentinian II by hanging in May 392, which is interpreted by the emperor as an assassination, Richomer and Arbogast are immediately accused. In retaliation, they secede from Theodosius I who reigned from Constantinople. Eugenius is proclaimed Emperor in August, 392, in Vienna or in Lyons. In November 392 or in January 393, Theodosius raises his son Honorius to the rank of Augustus of the West. Officially, the empire is separated in two, but less than a hundred years later, its western part would definitively escape the control of the Roman world. As for Eugenius, supported by the Franks and a part of the Roman elite, he must finally face the coalition troops of Theodosius and the Visigothic King Alaric at the Battle of the Frigidus, near Aquileia on September 394. Defeated, he was beheaded like many of his followers.

Eugène est originaire de Vienne, en Dauphiné. Haut fonctionnaire, il appartient à l’aristocratie gallo-romaine et ses capacités en rhétorique lui valent d’être rapidement remarqué par les Francs Richomer et Arbogast. Importants chefs de guerre, ces deux hommes clefs au sein d’un pouvoir romain finissant, le font entrer, puis rapidement accéder, au sommet de la cour impériale installée à Vienne et à Rome. Suite au suicide par pendaison de Valentinien II en mai 392, interprété par l’empereur comme un assassinat dont ils sont immédiatement accusés, ils entrent en sécession contre Théodose Ier, qui règne depuis Constantinople. Eugène se fait proclamer empereur en août 392, à Vienne ou à Lyon. En novembre 392 ou en janvier 393, Théodose élève son fils Honorius au rang d’Auguste d’Occident. Officiellement, l’empire est séparé en deux et, moins de cent ans plus tard, sa partie occidentale échappera définitivement au monde romain. Quant à Eugène, soutenu par les Francs et une partie de l’élite romaine, il doit finalement affronter les troupes coalisées de Théodose et du roi wisigoth Alaric en septembre 394, lors de la bataille de la Rivière froide, près d’Aquilée. Vaincu, il est décapité comme bon nombre de ses partisans.
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